【环球时报驻韩国特约记者 张静 环球时报特约记者 甄翔】近日，近300名被欧美人士收养的韩国“弃儿”发起了一场求真相请愿行动。美联社13日报道称，一家名为“丹麦韩裔权益团体”的机构代表283名被欧美人士收养的韩国“弃儿”向韩国总统尹锡悦致函请愿，要求韩方调查当年收养程序是否存在违规作假问题。

二 |     WASHINGTON -- The Treasury Department said Thursday that it has imposed its first set of sanctions on two companies that shipped Russian oil in violation of a multinational price cap.The United States, along with the European Union, countries in the Group of Seven and Australia, imposed a $60 a barrel limit last year on what Russia could charge for its oil. The cap was designed to deprive the Kremlin of revenue to fund its war in Ukraine, forcing the Russian government either to sell its oil at a discount or divert money for a costly alternative shipping network.The companies being penalized are based in the United Arab Emirates and Turkey, the department said in a statement.A ship owned by the Emirates-based company Lumber Marine carried oil priced above $75 a barrel from a Russian port. Separately, a vessel owned by Turkey-based Ice Pearl Navigation ferried oil from Russia priced at $80 a barrel. Both companies relied on U.S. service providers. As a result of the sanctions, the Biden administration is blocking the companies' ability to conduct business or access any property or financial interests in the U.S.A senior treasury official, who briefed reporters on condition of anonymity per department rules, said that the government has usually contacted a ship's flagging nation and insurer if there is even a suspicion of a violation, leading to the ship losing access to insurance or a country's registration.The official said that Russia has tried to build an alternative shipping network to avoid the cap, but that has proved to be expensive, with private analyses indicating that it has cost $35 per barrel of oil.The administration has argued that the cap has been successful, leading to a 45% drop in Russian oil tax revenue over the past year. The official said the focus of enforcing the cap will be on further increasing costs for Russia's oil industry so Moscow has less money available to support its military in Ukraine.The coalition enforcing the price cap also released a set of recommendations to improve compliance within the maritime oil industry. The guidance was aimed at countries as well as private companies. It recommends that all ships have legitimate insurance and rely on industry standard classifications, among other policies focused on stepped-up monitoring of the sector.。这些“弃儿”大部分被丹麦人收养，也有部分人被美国以及荷兰、比利时等欧洲其他国家人收养。一名康姓女子的遭遇颇有代表性。康姓女子对媒体表示，她于1976年被丹麦人收养，40年来她一直以为自己是孤儿，直至2016年她才得知自己的亲生父亲还活着，当年有关机构为走收养程序，伪造了她是釜山孤儿院孤儿的一系列材料。联名呼吁韩方调查的许多韩国被收养人都表示，自己的收养手续涉嫌造假，导致他们无法寻找自己的亲生父母，也再次受到心理伤害。韩国《国民日报》报道称，过去60年来该国共有约20万儿童被海外人士收养。上世纪七八十年代，欧美国家人士收养韩裔儿童达到高潮。当时的韩国军政府将海外人士收养作为减少人口压力的好办法，同时还能解决女性未婚生育带来的社会问题，并改善同西方社会的关系。为此还专门制定鼓励外国人收养的法律，允许私人机构参与，从而导致收养程序不严谨和材料作假问题。为此，韩国政府于2020年12月成立“真相与和解委员会”，调查上世纪60至80年代军政府统治时期的违反人权问题。“丹麦韩裔权益团体”方面表示，他们已访问“真相与和解委员会”，并提交了进一步的调查申请。如果开始调查，预计将对韩国“儿童出口狂潮”期间的侵犯人权行为进行广泛调查。该组织还表示，收养机构在收养过程中存在胁迫、贿赂、伪造文件等行为，担心这些机构因害怕真相被揭露而销毁原始收养记录和文件。

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